59:15
Like those who lately preceded them, they have tasted the evil result of their conduct; and (in the
Hereafter there is) for them a grievous Penalty;-
The immediate reference likely pertains to the Jewish goldsmith tribe of the Qaynuqāʿ, who had settled in a fortified town near Madinah. This tribe was punished and exiled for their betrayal about one month after the Battle of Badr (Shawwāl, 2 A.H.), in which the Makkah pagans faced a decisive defeat. The Banū Naḍīr evidently did not learn from this lesson. The broader lesson here is the necessity of remaining vigilant against the consequences of treachery and sin. No temporary alliances with others who are corrupt will offer protection or salvation (Ali, n.d.).
References:
Yusuf Ali, Abdullah. Translation and Commentary of the Quran. (surah 59 verse 15